Our Specialities

Movement Disorders

Movement disorders are neurological conditions that affect the speed, control, coordination, and smoothness of voluntary or involuntary movements. They may cause tremors, muscle stiffness, slowed movements, involuntary jerking, or difficulties with balance and walking. These conditions can develop gradually or occur due to other neurological or medical problems. Early evaluation by a neurologist helps identify the underlying cause, manage symptoms, and support daily functioning and quality of life.

Common Symptoms of Movement Disorders

Symptoms vary depending on the type of movement disorder and the areas of the nervous system affected. Common signs include trembling hands or limbs, muscle stiffness, slow movements, reduced facial expressions, difficulty starting or stopping movements, involuntary muscle contractions, repetitive movements, and problems with posture or balance. Some individuals may experience frequent falls, changes in handwriting, difficulty performing everyday tasks, or an unsteady walking pattern. Symptoms may occur at rest, during activity, or in specific situations.

Types and Causes

Movement disorders include conditions such as Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor, dystonia, chorea, tics, and certain forms of ataxia. They may result from changes in brain circuits responsible for movement, genetic factors, medication side effects, metabolic abnormalities, or other neurological conditions. In some cases, the exact cause may not be identifiable. A detailed medical history and neurological examination help determine which conditions need further investigation.

Diagnosis and Neurological Evaluation

Diagnosis involves assessing the nature of the movements, when they occur, how long they have been present, and whether they affect daily activities. A neurologist may evaluate muscle tone, reflexes, coordination, walking pattern, posture, and balance. Depending on the symptoms, investigations may include blood tests, brain MRI or CT scans, and selected specialist tests. Reviewing current medications and family history can also help identify possible contributing factors.

Treatment and Management

Treatment is tailored to the specific diagnosis, symptom severity, and individual needs. It may include medication to improve movement or reduce tremors, stiffness, or involuntary muscle contractions. Selected patients may benefit from botulinum toxin injections, deep brain stimulation, or other specialist procedures. Physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, regular physical activity, and home-safety adjustments can help maintain mobility, independence, and confidence. Ongoing follow-up allows treatment to be reviewed as symptoms change.

When to Consult a Neurologist

Seek neurological assessment if you notice persistent tremors, unexplained stiffness, involuntary movements, slowing of daily activities, or increasing difficulty with walking and balance. Sudden weakness, facial drooping, difficulty speaking, or an abrupt loss of coordination requires immediate emergency medical attention, as these may indicate a stroke rather than a chronic movement disorder.